Country | India |
Area (ha) | - |
Ecosystem Type | Forest, Wetlands and rivers, Others → Rocky Outcrops, Others → Mountain Ecosystem |
Number of households | 2370 |
Number of people | 11010 |
Terogvüthun, the highest peak in the Rengma region stands approximately at 1,735 metres above sea level is strategically located overseeing all Rengma villages in the district. Considering the ‘sacred’ history that this place holds for the Rengma community, a prayer tower was constructed called Mount Terogvü Prayer Tower which was inaugurated today by MLA, Jwenga Seb with a dedicatory prayer offered by Rev Haiwalo Apon, Executive Secretary, Council of Rengma Baptist Churches (CRBC).
Mount Terogvü provides panoramic views of numerous Rengma villages, various districts of Nagaland and even distant glimpses of the Himalayan range from its elevated position.
It is learnt that this location holds special significance as a designated sanctuary for the prayer chosen by ‘divine providence,’ which was commissioned on May 27, 1999.
Accordingly, a shelter has been constructed for anyone who comes to the mountain to relieve their burdens and find peace. It was also informed that devotees of Terogvunyu Chüpwe gather in this place in prayer and fasting on all Saturdays all through the year on rotational basis.
To this day, it was informed that myriads of people from far and near continue to visit this place to fast and pray for tranquillity and blessings.
This mountain in itself is also a spiritual place because of the belief that many charms/spirits existed in the olden days as narrated by Tekhenlo Semp. Terogvü Cho, he said was considered as a spirited stone with a charm by the ancestors where rituals were performed by the villager by placing a cock on the stone (Cho) to forecast the year’s prosperity. Following which, the oldest make of the village cut off the cock’s throat and worship the spirited stone by spraying the blood on the stone while the villagers chanted.
Stating that tourism industry is a catalyst for economic growth, MLA Jwenga Seb highlighted some initiatives to be undertaken in Tseminyu district such as ‘Green District Development Goal’ to promote sustainable development practices and the ‘Tourist Circuit’ to promote tourism and enhance the local economy.
He viewed that Tseminyu district with 42 recognised villages spread across seven ranges offer unique attractions and experiences for an ideal tourist destinations for those seeking an authentic cultural and natural experience.
Stating that Mount Terogvü Prayer Tower can be another tourist hotspot with its breathtaking viewpoints and intricate rock path, Seb said, ‘difficult roads always lead to beautiful destinations.’
Constructed under the initiative of the BDO Tseminyu, Jenny Kath, who in her short speech said this place, holds a special place in her heart while briefly narrating her personal journey of recovery from a personal tragedy.
She informed that the tower was constructed with full support of the villagers, leaders and elders wherein 40% of the cost was brought in from MGNERGA and the rest at her own expense.
Kath said this was a way of showing her gratitude to God adding that this belongs to all those who seeking seclusion, serene setting, solitude, tranquillity and healing.
Tseminyu and Kasha daho belongs to the Rengma tribe both the communities speaks nzonkhen.
Ngada is the main festival for both communities which is celebrate in the month of november during the date 27th to 29 . Ngada festival is an agricultural oriented festival and it marks the end of the harvest season of the year. The festival is celebrate for eight days just after the harvest it is the festival of thanksgiving and rejoicing where people spend their time on dancing,singing,and merrymaking.
The total number of households for the communities is around 2370 and population of around 11,010, the number of male in the area is 6160 and female is 4850.The poeple of both the community mostly depends on agriculture for their livelihood.shifting cultivation (jhuming) is practiced, where the locals clear the land (forest) which is cultivated for two successive seasons, after which it is allowed to revert to a forest fora number of years. Along with farming, wildlife hunting has always been a way of life for the Naga tribes, but there is a silver lining here in the form of an age old practice of conserving areas/forests.
The demographics area of both the place is mostly hilly and rocky in some places.
Origin | New initiative by community |
Year of Formation | 2022 |
Motivations | Ecological functions, Wild biodiversity conservation |
During the ancient times mt terogvuthun is used as the guard post for warriors during the headhunter era,the spirit stone used used to forcast the years events,or a mthyical stone shaped goaat the trail is filled with legendary a stories proudly preserved by the locals. british soulders used the peak as a signal post inthe colonial times remnants of the heliograpth remain to this days.
During the head hunter periods the place is also considered one of the scared place to visit because many ancient war are fought in the areas. many timbers and trees are cut during the times for making of houses and making of defenses during the war.
Hunting of animals and birds were also one of the main occupations for the communities where most of the people spend the time on hunting many birds and animals were killed in the areas for consumption purpose and some time sells to fulfil their basic requirement. The mountain is also alife line for many neighbouring villages and towns with provide natural water for consumption for daily needs.
The area provides many flora which makes the place beautiful but after human started invading the and cutting down of trees many flora came into extinct.Traditional conservation practices have helped protect biodiversity, and there are records of Community Conservation Areas (CCAs) being declared in the early 1800s, especially in response to forest degradation and loss of wildlife. Community Conserved Areas can be described as, natural and/or modified ecosystems containing significant biodiversity values and ecological services voluntarily conserved by indigenous and local communities, through customary laws or other effective means . CCAs seek to address threats to natural ecosystems and cultural values from changing socio-cultural, economic and developmental imperatives and mores, as well as unsustainable resource extraction practices - e.g. hunting and poaching or shifting cultivation practices on a reduced fallow cycle.
After the britisher left the place the peak is now home to a prayer centre that offers space and tranquillity for meditation.
The mountainous area of terogvuthun lies in one of the most biodiverse areas place. most of the place is in these area is still covered by forest. With only one conservation area, the forests are owned and managed by the communities who live alongside them.
The governments are negotiating a new framework of targets under the Convention on Biological Diversity to prevent catastrophic biodiversity loss and ecosystem collapse. Attention has turned to what targets like protecting most of land will mean in practice for communities living in biodiversity hotspots. It is increasingly recognised that the experiences and perspectives of indigenous people and local communities must be at the forefront of protected area management and design.
The main reason for conserving the area was to conserve both flora and fauna of the region and most of the water supply of the region comes from the valley of terogvuthun conservation area which supply to all the villages and town to tseminyu .
The primary motivation behind the conservation efforts in the Terogvuthun Forest and Wildlife Conservation Area is the preservation of both the flora and fauna of the region. This area is home to a rich biodiversity that includes numerous plant species and wildlife, some of which are endemic and endangered. The conservation initiatives aim to protect these natural resources from the threats posed by human activities such as illegal hunting, logging, and the plucking of flowers
The Terogvuthun Forest is a biodiversity hotspot, containing a wide variety of plant and animal species that are integral to the ecological balance of the region. The flora includes a range of tree species, shrubs, and flowering plants that provide habitat and food sources for many wildlife species. These plants play crucial roles in the ecosystem, such as maintaining soil fertility, preventing erosion, and supporting the water cycle through processes like transpiration.
The fauna of the Terogvuthun Forest is equally diverse, encompassing mammals, birds, reptiles, and insects. Many of these species are integral to the forest's ecosystem functions, including pollination, seed dispersal, and maintaining the food web. Conservation efforts focus on protecting these species from poaching and habitat destruction, ensuring their survival and the overall health of the ecosystem.
One of the critical aspects of the Terogvuthun Conservation Area is its role in the region's water supply. The valley within this conservation area is the primary source of water for the surrounding villages and the town of Tseminyu. The forest's dense vegetation and natural water bodies play a vital role in capturing, storing, and purifying water, which is then supplied to these communities.
. Water Retention and Purification: The forest ecosystem acts as a natural water catchment area. The roots of trees and plants help to retain water in the soil, reducing runoff and increasing groundwater recharge. This process ensures a steady supply of clean water throughout the year, even during dry seasons. Additionally, the vegetation helps to filter impurities, maintaining the quality of the water that flows into the rivers and streams feeding the villages and towns.
. Climate Regulation and Rainfall Patterns: The dense forest cover contributes to the regulation of local climate and rainfall patterns. Forests play a significant role in the water cycle by facilitating the process of evapotranspiration, where water is transferred from the soil and plants to the atmosphere. This process not only contributes to local humidity but also influences precipitation patterns, ensuring regular rainfall that is crucial for the water supply.
The conservation efforts in the Terogvuthun Forest are comprehensive and multifaceted, addressing both the protection of biodiversity and the sustainable management of water resources. The initiatives include:
. Strict Enforcement of Conservation Laws: The implementation of the Conservation and Awareness Act (CAA) has established strict regulations to prevent illegal activities that threaten the forest. Defaulters are penalized through fines and the confiscation of weapons used for hunting, ensuring compliance and protecting the ecosystem.
. Community Involvement and Education: The active participation of the local communities, particularly the villagers of Tseminyu and Kasha Daho, is crucial for the success of conservation efforts.
In conclusion , the conservation of the Terogvuthun Forest and Wildlife Conservation Area is driven by the dual objectives of protecting its rich biodiversity and ensuring a sustainable water supply for the surrounding communities. The forest's role in water retention, purification, and climate regulation makes it an indispensable resource for the villages and town of Tseminyu. Through strict enforcement of conservation laws, active community involvement, sustainable resource management, and restoration efforts, the conservation initiatives aim to preserve the ecological integrity of the region. These efforts ensure that the Terogvuthun Forest continues to provide vital ecosystem services, supporting both the natural environment and the well-being of the local population for generations to come.
Collective of CCAs | Yes |
Decision Making Body | CFR management committee , Youth committee |
Rules and Regulations | Formal |
Community activities through the year | Fire Management, Soil and water conservation, Removing encroachment |
The structure of the Terogvuthun forest and wildlife conservation committee typically comprises 14 Villages . There are five committee members convenor from kasha daho, Co-convenor from tseminyu village , secretary from tseminyu village , assistant secretary from Kasha Daho and treasure from tseminyu village.
The primary function of the committee is to protect and preserve the designated area.
A joint Committee is formed from both the villages of tseminyu and terogvunyu who takes the initiative to conserve the forest and sometimes initiative is also given to the youth organisation of both the villages to look after the areas.
The defaulter of the CAA are deal as per guidelines given by the committee by paying fines as the rate fixed the committee.
The weapons are also seize by the committee if the area found hunting in area under the conservation area.
In the Terogvuthun Forest and Wildlife Conservation area, the enforcement of the Conservation and Awareness Act (CAA) is stringent, with specific guidelines established by the conservation committee to address violations effectively. Those who default on the regulations set forth by the CAA are subject to a series of penalties and corrective measures designed to protect the integrity of the conservation efforts and to deter future infractions.
The conservation committee, comprising local leaders, conservation experts, and representatives from the villages of Tseminyu and Kasha Daho, has developed a comprehensive framework for dealing with defaulters of the CAA. This framework includes a structured system of fines and penalties, which are meticulously enforced to ensure compliance.
Monetary Fines: Individuals found violating the CAA, whether through illegal hunting, unauthorized logging, or plucking of protected plants, are required to pay fines. The rates for these fines are carefully determined by the committee and are commensurate with the severity and nature of the offense. The fines serve as both a punitive measure and a deterrent, discouraging individuals from engaging in activities that harm the conservation area. The collected fines are typically reinvested into further conservation efforts, such as habitat restoration projects, community education programs, and the maintenance of surveillance infrastructure.
Weapon Seizure: In addition to monetary penalties, any weapons found in the possession of individuals engaged in illegal hunting within the conservation area are confiscated. This includes firearms, traps, and other hunting equipment. The seizure of weapons is a critical component of the enforcement strategy, as it directly reduces the capability of defaulters to continue their illicit activities. Confiscated weapons are securely stored and, in some cases, destroyed to prevent their future use. This measure not only disrupts the activities of current violators but also sends a strong message to the broader community about the seriousness of the conservation rules.
In conclusion, the Terogvuthun Forest and Wildlife Conservation Community has implemented a robust and effective enforcement framework to uphold the Conservation and Awareness Act (CAA). Through a combination of monetary fines and weapon seizures the committee ensures strict adherence to conservation regulations. These measures not only deter violations but also contribute to the long-term sustainability and success of the conservation efforts, safeguarding the Terogvuthun Forest for future generations.
Since the initiation of wildlife and forest conservation efforts, the ecosystem of the Terogvuthun Forest has witnessed remarkable and consistent improvements. This rejuvenation is characterized by a significant increase in both flora and fauna, reflecting the positive impact of the community’s dedicated conservation measures. The cessation of tree cutting, a pivotal component of the conservation strategy, has also led to enhanced water availability, further contributing to the overall health of the ecosystem.
The focused conservation efforts have led to a flourishing of plant and animal life within the Terogvuthun Forest. The prohibition of illegal activities such as hunting and logging has allowed various species to recover and thrive in their natural habitat. Native plants, which had been under threat from overharvesting and habitat destruction, are now proliferating, contributing to the forest’s rich biodiversity. The re-establishment of plant life creates a more stable and resilient ecosystem, offering food and shelter to a wide range of animal species.
The increase in flora is particularly noticeable with the resurgence of indigenous tree species, shrubs, and ground vegetation. These plants play a crucial role in maintaining soil health and preventing erosion, thereby supporting the broader ecological balance. As the plant life has regenerated, it has also provided a more robust habitat for wildlife, leading to a noticeable increase in animal populations. Species that were once on the verge of extinction are making a comeback, and there is a greater diversity of insects, birds, mammals, and reptiles being observed in the area.
One of the most profound impacts of halting deforestation has been the improvement in water availability. Trees play a critical role in the hydrological cycle; their roots help to maintain soil structure and enhance water infiltration, while their foliage reduces runoff and aids in the gradual release of water into the atmosphere through transpiration. By stopping the cutting down of trees, the Terogvuthun Forest and Wildlife Conservation Community has significantly improved the local water cycle.
The presence of trees ensures that rainwater is absorbed into the ground more effectively, replenishing groundwater reserves and maintaining the flow of streams and rivers even during dry periods. This has resulted in increased availability of fresh water, which is essential for both the forest ecosystem and the surrounding human communities. The improved water retention and soil moisture levels have also led to healthier plant growth, which in turn supports more robust and diverse animal life.
In conclusion, the concerted conservation efforts in the Terogvuthun Forest have led to significant ecological restoration, marked by an increase in biodiversity and improved water availability. The cessation of tree cutting has been particularly impactful, leading to healthier hydrological cycles and enhanced soil stability. These environmental improvements have not only benefited the ecosystem but have also provided socio-economic advantages for the local communities. The continued success of these initiatives depends on sustained community engagement and support, ensuring that the Terogvuthun Forest remains a vibrant and thriving natural habitat for generations to come.
Legal Status | Protected Areas under WLPA → Conservation reserve, Protected Areas under WLPA → Community reserve |
FRA Applicability | Yes |
Community Forest Resource Rights (CFR) | CFR claim filed and in process |
Date of filing CFR claim | - |
Level of CFR claim | District level |
Date of recognition of CFR claim | - |
Management plan status | Execution of management In progress |
Land Ownership | Community Owned |
Other Recognised Status | Key Biodiversity Area |
Sacred Landscape | Yes |
Article 371(A) states that no act of Parliament shall apply to Nagaland in respect of the religious or social practices of the Nagas, the Naga customary law and procedure, the administration of civil and criminal justice involving decisions according to the Naga customary law, and the ownership and transfer of land and its resources. This makes local communities in Nagaland the de facto owner of their community forest unless otherwise stated.
Impact on Livelihoods and Subsistence | Water source |
Social Impacts | Community empowerment |
Ecological Impact | Good diversity and population of wildlife, Improved/sustained ecological services |
Internal Threats and Challenges | Reduced awareness about biodiversity and its value, Changing socio-cultural practices and aspirations |
External Threats and Challenges | Unwanted extraction , Negative impacts of tourism, Decline in biodiversity , Climate change impacts |
Following the implementation of the Conservation and Awareness Act (CAA) in the Terogvuthun Forest region, there has been a marked and transformative shift in the attitudes and behaviors of the villagers from Tseminyu and Kasha Daho towards conservation efforts. Prior to the enactment of the CAA, many residents engaged in activities such as illegal hunting, plucking flowers, and cutting down timber for personal use. These practices posed significant threats to the forest's ecosystem, leading to habitat destruction, a decline in wildlife populations, and overall environmental degradation.
Before the CAA was established, the region faced severe conservation challenges. Illegal hunting was rampant, driven by the demand for meat and animal parts. This unchecked poaching led to a sharp decline in the population of various wildlife species, some of which were pushed to the brink of extinction. Additionally, the unregulated cutting down of trees for firewood and timber was a common practice among the villagers. This deforestation not only destroyed habitats but also contributed to soil erosion and reduced the forest’s capacity to act as a carbon sink, exacerbating climate change. The plucking of flowers further disrupted the reproductive cycles of many plant species, undermining the forest's biodiversity and ecological balance.
The implementation of the CAA marked a significant turning point in the conservation efforts of the region.
The support from both the villages had helped in conserving the forest and wildlife area.
Increase in the number of endangered plants acts as an alarming sign of ecosystem’s imbalance. The ecological failure pose threat to our own health, thus by saving endangered species our own health is being saved. Government, non-profit international organizations, local communities and individuals are working together to protect and restore population levels. Biological Diversity Act (2002) for conservation of biodiversity is a landmark effort by Indian government as it provides mechanisms for knowledge, sustainable use of components of biological diversity and fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of the use of biological resources.
The various awareness campaigns have been conducted for local communities with regard to the conservation of endangered species. Both in-situ (on site) and ex-situ (off site) conservation strategies target critical habitats under continuous threat of extinction. Conservation programmes that centred mainly on the local masses which completely depend upon the environment including forests, lakes and wildlife for their needs truly showcase the leadership of local and indigenous communities in protecting biodiversity. The rights of local communities in decision making must be recognized and supported through clear laws and regulations. Sacred groves, a legacy of prehistoric traditions of nature conservation act as an ideal centre for biodiversity conservation. Besides providing vital ecosystem services to people, these are of immense ecological significance. Community conservation is the need of the hour in terms of conserving biodiversity at ground level.
Terogvuthun Forest and Wildlife Conservation Community is currently facing with several significant threats and challenges that jeopardize the ecological balance and integrity of the forest. These challenges include illegal hunting, the cutting down of trees for firewood and timber, and the plucking of flowers, all of which have far-reaching consequences for the ecosystem.
One of the most pressing threats is illegal hunting, which poses a severe risk to the wildlife population within the Terogvuthun Forest. Poachers target various animal species for their meat, fur, and other body parts. This illegal activity leads to a drastic reduction in wildlife numbers, endangering several species and disrupting the natural predator-prey balance. The decline in animal populations can have cascading effects throughout the ecosystem, affecting other species and the overall health of the forest.
Another critical challenge is the unauthorized cutting down of trees for firewood and timber. Local communities and outsiders often resort to logging to meet their energy needs or for commercial purposes. This deforestation has several detrimental effects on the environment. It results in the loss of habitat for numerous species, contributing to their decline or displacement. Moreover, deforestation leads to soil erosion, reducing the land's fertility and increasing the likelihood of landslides. The removal of trees also impacts the forest's ability to sequester carbon, exacerbating climate change.
The plucking of flowers, though seemingly less destructive, poses a significant threat to the biodiversity of the Terogvuthun Forest. Many plant species rely on their flowers for reproduction through pollination. When flowers are removed, it disrupts this natural process, leading to a decline in plant populations. This decline can affect the entire food chain, as many animals depend on specific plants for food and habitat. Additionally, the removal of flowers can diminish the aesthetic and ecological value of the forest, impacting tourism and the overall health of the ecosystem.
These activities collectively threaten the Terogvuthun Forest's ecological balance and its ability to sustain its diverse flora and fauna. The illegal exploitation of natural resources not only endangers specific species but also undermines conservation efforts aimed at preserving the forest's biodiversity. The loss of trees and wildlife, coupled with the disruption of plant reproduction, creates a fragile ecosystem susceptible to further degradation and collapse.
To address these threats, the Terogvuthun Forest and Wildlife Conservation Community is planing to install surveillance cameras and fencing. These measures are designed to deter illegal activities and enhance the monitoring and protection of the forest. However, the community also requires significant support from government authorities and other stakeholders. Increased funding, stricter enforcement of conservation laws, and community education programs are essential to effectively combat these challenges and promote sustainable practices.
In conclusion, the Terogvuthun Forest and Wildlife Conservation Community faces substantial threats from illegal hunting, deforestation, and the plucking of flowers. These activities endanger the forest's biodiversity and ecological health, necessitating comprehensive and sustained efforts to mitigate their impact. By addressing these challenges through enhanced protection measures and collaborative conservation strategies, the community aims to safeguard the Terogvuthun Forest for future generations
Terogvuthun Forest and Wildlife Conservation Community is need financial support from the government to implement a crucial fencing project aimed at safeguarding the area's rich biodiversity. This initiative is designed to protect the delicate flora and fauna that inhabit the forest and to combat the prevalent issue of illegal hunting.
The community has meticulously planned the installation of sturdy and durable fencing around the perimeter of the conservation area. This fencing is essential for several reasons. Firstly, it will serve as a physical barrier, preventing unauthorized access and thereby reducing the risk of poaching and illegal logging activities. These illegal activities pose a significant threat to the survival of various species and the overall health of the ecosystem. By restricting access, the fencing will help mitigate these threats and ensure a safer habitat for the wildlife.
Secondly, the fencing will help protect the diverse plant life within the forest. The flora of Terogvuthun Forest plays a vital role in maintaining the ecological balance, providing food and shelter for many animal species, and contributing to the overall environmental health. By preventing encroachment and minimizing human interference, the fencing will allow these plant species to thrive, thus supporting the entire ecosystem.
Furthermore, the fencing project is part of a broader strategy to enhance conservation efforts in the region. It complements other initiatives such as the installation of surveillance cameras, which will provide real-time monitoring and help authorities respond swiftly to any illegal activities. Together, these measures will create a robust framework for the effective protection and management of the forest and its wildlife.
To realize this ambitious plan, the Terogvuthun Forest and Wildlife Conservation Community urgently requires government funding. The financial support will be used to purchase high-quality materials, cover installation costs, and maintain the fencing over time. By investing in this project, the government will be making a significant contribution to the preservation of biodiversity, the protection of endangered species, and the promotion of sustainable conservation practices.
In summary, the Terogvuthun Forest and Wildlife Conservation Community is appealing for government funds to support the establishment of fencing around the conservation area. This project is critical for protecting the forest's flora and fauna, preventing illegal hunting, and ensuring the long-term sustainability of this precious natural resource. The community is committed to working closely with the government and other stakeholders to achieve these conservation goals and safeguard the natural heritage of the Terogvuthun Forest for future generations.
The Terogvuthun Forest and Wildlife Conservation Community has formulated an extensive plan to enhance the protection and preservation of the forest and its wildlife. This plan includes the installation of surveillance cameras and fencing to bolster security and conservation efforts.
Surveillance cameras will be strategically placed throughout the forest to ensure comprehensive monitoring of critical areas. These cameras are intended to help detect and deter illegal activities such as poaching, logging, and trespassing. By providing real-time footage, the cameras will enable prompt response to any threats and help in the identification and apprehension of offenders.
In conjunction with the surveillance cameras, sturdy fencing will be erected around the perimeter of the conservation area. This fencing will serve as a physical barrier to prevent unauthorized access and protect the habitat from external disturbances. The combination of advanced surveillance technology and robust physical barriers aims to create a secure environment that will support the conservation of the forest and its diverse wildlife, ensuring their protection for future generations. This initiative reflects the community's commitment to preserving the natural ecosystem and promoting sustainable conservation practices.
Data Source | By community member/s |
Year of Study | 2023 |
License | CC BY Attribution |